Acad1

Please read this academic text. It is the first paragraph of an article by Peeter Torop called [|Translation as translating as culture]There are two tasks I would like you to carry out:
 * 1) For any **words** that you do not know, please make a new page and write a definition. You should then link from the word in the text to your definition page.
 * 2) For any **phrase or sentence** that you do not understand, make a new page and ask a question about it. Then go back to the text and make a link from that phrase to your question page.

If you come back to this site later - see if you can answer any of the questions, or edit any of the word definition pages.

Feel free to add and edit - this wiki is to help you! I have made a couple of links to show you what I mean.

Translating as an activity and translation as the result of this activity are inseparable from the concept of culture. The translational capacity of culture is an important criterion of culture’s specificity. Culture operates largely through translational activity, since only by the inclusion of new texts into culture can the culture undergo innovation as well as perceive its specificity. After the expansion of the paradigm of postcolonial and the related field of gender studies into translation studies, the borderline between culture studies and translation studies has become fuzzier, yet at the same time, there has emerged a visible complementarity. On the one hand, by the turn of the century, the understanding of the cultural value of a translation text has grown deeper, especially in respect to the importance of translations for the identity of the receiving culture. L. Venuti has called the identity forming power of translations this ability of translations to participate, according to the necessity, both in ensuring culture’s coherence or homogeneity as well as in activating cultural resistance or culture’s innovation processes (Venuti 1998: 68).